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Wave Motion | Waves | Physics | FuseSchool
Wave Motion | Waves | Physics | FuseSchool
Wave Motion | Waves | Physics | FuseSchool
Nature of Waves [1]
Recognize and classify waves as transverse of longitudinal given a few examples of waves.. List two properties of a medium that affect the speed of a wave.
vibration is a back and forth disturbance in a medium. vibration that transfers energy through matter or space.
No matter whether you are talking about vibrations or waves,. all of them can be characterized by the following four characteristics:
Wave Characteristics: Definition & Frequency [2]
When we hear the word wave, many things can come to our heads. Maybe we picture someone waving their hand at us to say hello, perhaps a stadium wave, or we might think of water moving across the ocean to touch our feet on the beach
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When we hear the word wave, many things can come to our heads. Maybe we picture someone waving their hand at us to say hello, perhaps a stadium wave, or we might think of water moving across the ocean to touch our feet on the beach
14.1: Characteristics of a wave [3]
A traveling wave is a disturbance that travels through a medium. Consider the waves made by fans at a soccer game, as in Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\)
The elements of the medium may oscillate about an equilibrium position (the fans move a short distance up and down), but they do not travel with the wave (the fans do not move horizontally with the wave).. Consider the ripples (waves) made by a rock dropped in a pond (Figure \(\PageIndex{2}\))
The individual water molecules will move in small circles about an equilibrium position, but they do not move along with the waves.. We can distinguish between two classes of waves, based on the motion of the medium through which it propagates
Characteristics of Waves : [4]
All waves have similar characteristics and can be represented with a simple mathematical model.. The wavelength is the length of one complete wave cycle
The frequency of a wave is the number of cycles that occur in a given amount of time.. The energy of a wave is related to both its amplitude and its frequency
Wave Energy and Wave Changes with Depth [5]
Energy comparison between a wave with a height of 2 m and a wavelength of 14 m breaking over 2 km, a gallon of gasoline, and an average home’s daily use shows that the three are relatively equivalent.. Many forms of energy are carried in heat, light, sound, and water waves
In science, work is defined as the movement of an object in the direction of the force applied to it. We can see this work when heavy logs move across ocean basins or sand is transported
The powerful energy in waves can also be used to do work by moving generator parts to produce electricity.. The amount of energy can be measured in joules (J) of work, calories (c) of heat, or kilowatt-hours (kWh) of electricity (Table 4.8)
16.4 Energy and Power of a Wave – University Physics Volume 1 [6]
– Describe, using a mathematical expression, how the energy in a wave depends on the amplitude of the wave. All waves carry energy, and sometimes this can be directly observed
Loud sounds can pulverize nerve cells in the inner ear, causing permanent hearing loss. Ultrasound is used for deep-heat treatment of muscle strains
This will be of fundamental importance in later discussions of waves, from sound to light to quantum mechanics.. The amount of energy in a wave is related to its amplitude and its frequency
Characteristics of Waves — Schools at Look4 [7]
Waves transfer energy from one place to another but do not transfer any matter.. Waves can be produced in ropes and springs and along the surface of water.
The waves which travel across the surface of water can also be refracted.. As the waves cross the boundary between two different depths of water they change speed
A ripple tank can be used to study how waves behave.. There are two main types of wave, longitudinal and transverse.
Frequency, wavelength, amplitude and wave speed [8]
You need to know about these quantities used in waves – what they mean, the symbols used for them and the units used to measure them.. The amplitude (\(a\)) of a wave is the distance from the centre line (or the still position) to the top of a crest or to the bottom of a trough
The greater the amplitude of a wave then the more energy it is carrying.. The wavelength, \(\lambda\), of a wave is the distance from any point on one wave to the same point on the next wave along
Wavelength is also measured in metres (\(m\)) – it is a length after all.. The frequency(\(f\)) of a wave is the number of waves passing a point in a certain time
What Are the Characteristics of a Sound Wave? [9]
You probably know that the sound you hear is the result of sound waves. But what are sound waves, exactly? What are their characteristics? And how do they work?
– Wavelength: The most important characteristic of sound waves may be the wavelength. Sound consists of a longitudinal wave that includes compressions and rarefactions as they travel through a given medium
It is the combined length of a compression and the adjacent rarefaction, or the distance between the centers of two consecutive rarefactions or compressions.. – Amplitude: The amplitude is the size of a given wave
Energy in Electromagnetic Waves [10]
– Explain how the energy and amplitude of an electromagnetic wave are related.. – Given its power output and the heating area, calculate the intensity of a microwave oven’s electromagnetic field, as well as its peak electric and magnetic field strengths
Sometimes this energy is obvious, such as in the warmth of the summer sun. Other times it is subtle, such as the unfelt energy of gamma rays, which can destroy living cells.
These fields can exert forces and move charges in the system and, thus, do work on them. If the frequency of the electromagnetic wave is the same as the natural frequencies of the system (such as microwaves at the resonant frequency of water molecules), the transfer of energy is much more efficient.
Physics Tutorial: Energy Transport and the Amplitude of a Wave [11]
As mentioned earlier, a wave is an energy transport phenomenon that transports energy along a medium without transporting matter. A pulse or a wave is introduced into a slinky when a person holds the first coil and gives it a back-and-forth motion
The energy is imparted to the medium by the person as he/she does work upon the first coil to give it kinetic energy. This energy is transferred from coil to coil until it arrives at the end of the slinky
In fact, a high energy pulse would likely do some rather noticeable work upon your hand upon reaching the end of the medium; the last coil of the medium would displace your hand in the same direction of motion of the coil. For the same reasons, a high energy ocean wave can do considerable damage to the rocks and piers along the shoreline when it crashes upon it.
Waves and energy – energy transfer [12]
In a wave, the material on which the wave is travelling is moving. However, the material itself does not move along with the wave.
Visualising the relationship between waves and energy. To understand how energy and waves work, consider two people holding a slinky between them
People holding the slinky supply the energy to make the patterns. To make pattern 1, people have to shake the slinky back and forth at a certain speed
Wave Characteristics Class 11 [13]
There are three wave characteristics used to classify mechanical waves:. the direction in which individual particles move when a wave passes by,
This fact implies that a wave transports both energy and momentum without transporting matter.. If the particles of the medium in which the wave is travelling move perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation, the wave is called transverse.
As the leading edge of the pulse reaches it, the segment moves perpendicular to the string’s equilibrium position. Its displacement reaches a maximum as the peak of the pulse passes and then returns to its equilibrium position after the pulse has moved on.
What is a sound wave, and what do sound waves move or travel through? [14]
A sound wave is the pattern of disturbance caused by the movement of energy traveling through a medium (such as air, water or any other liquid or solid matter) as it propagates away from the source of the sound.. Sound waves are created by object vibrations and produce pressure waves, for example, a ringing cellphone
The pattern of the disturbance creates outward movement in a wave pattern, like sea water in the ocean. The wave carries the sound energy through the medium, usually in all directions and less intensely as it moves farther from the source.
The Roman architect and engineer Vitruvius and the Roman philosopher Boethius each theorized that sound may move in waves. The origin of the modern study of sound is attributed to Galileo Galilei (1564-1642).
Sources
- http://www.csun.edu/~psk17793/S9CP/s9%20Nature_of_waves.htm
- https://www.studysmarter.co.uk/explanations/physics/waves-physics/wave-characteristics/
- https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/University_Physics/Book%3A_Introductory_Physics_-_Building_Models_to_Describe_Our_World_(Martin_Neary_Rinaldo_and_Woodman)/14%3A_Waves/14.01%3A_Characteristics_of_a_wave
- https://lsintspl3.wgbh.org/en-us/characteristics-of-waves/
- https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/physical/waves/wave-energy-and-wave-changes-depth
- https://openstax.org/books/university-physics-volume-1/pages/16-4-energy-and-power-of-a-wave
- https://schools.look4.net.nz/science/physics/waves/characteristics
- https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/z8rxsbk/revision/3
- https://www.soundproofcow.com/characteristics-of-sound-wave/
- https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-physics/chapter/24-4-energy-in-electromagnetic-waves/
- https://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/waves/Lesson-2/Energy-Transport-and-the-Amplitude-of-a-Wave
- https://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/resources/2681-waves-and-energy-energy-transfer
- https://www.pw.live/chapter-wave-motion/wave-characteristics
- https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/sound-wave
