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The Battle of Stalingrad | Doomed from the start?
The Battle of Stalingrad | Doomed from the start?
The Battle of Stalingrad | Doomed from the start?
What You Need To Know About The Battle Of Stalingrad [1]
Stalingrad was one of the most decisive battles on the Eastern Front in the Second World War. The Soviet Union inflicted a catastrophic defeat on the German Army in and around this strategically important city on the Volga river, which bore the name of the Soviet dictator, Josef Stalin.
The initial advance went well, and the German Sixth Army under General Friedrich von Paulus was ordered to capture the city. Every available soldier and civilian was mobilised.
By October most of the city was in German hands, but the Russians clung onto the banks of the Volga, across which they ferried vital reserves.. Russian soldiers hoist the Red Flag over a recaptured factory, Stalingrad.
Battle of Stalingrad [2]
The centre of Stalingrad after the battle, with the Barmaley Fountain in the foreground.. The Battle of Stalingrad[19] (23 August 1942 – 2 February 1943)[20][21][22] was a major battle on the Eastern Front of World War II where Nazi Germany and its allies unsuccessfully fought the Soviet Union for control of the city of Stalingrad (later renamed Volgograd) in Southern Russia
Stalingrad was strategically important to both sides as a major industrial and transport hub on the Volga River. Whoever controlled Stalingrad would have access to the oil fields of the Caucasus and would gain control of the Volga.[31] Germany, already operating on dwindling fuel supplies, focused its efforts on moving deeper into Soviet territory and taking the oil fields at any cost
The attack was supported by intense Luftwaffe bombing that reduced much of the city to rubble. The battle degenerated into house-to-house fighting as both sides poured reinforcements into the city
Battle of Stalingrad | History, Summary, Location, Deaths, & Facts [3]
Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.. – Military History Encyclopedia on the Web – The Caucasus Campaign and the Battle for Stalingrad June 1942 – February 1943
– HistoryNet – Battle of Stalingrad: Operation Winter Tempest. – The National WWII Museum – Unsung Witnesses of the Battle of Stalingrad
– Ohio State University – Origins – Stalingrad at 75, the Turning Point of World War II in Europe. What is the significance of the Battle of Stalingrad?
Battle of Stalingrad [4]
(I dedicate this post to Mark Jones, an outstanding communist, human being and friend.). Most people who became radicalized during the 1960s have no trouble understanding the importance of General Giap’s victory over the French at Dienbienphu or the defeat of the ‘gusanos’ at the Bay of Pigs
For a previous generation, the Battle of Stalingrad, which began in the summer of 1942 and ended in January 1943, had a similar importance. In this most costly of military engagements, the Nazi army suffered not only its first major defeat, but one that essentially paved the way for the collapse of the Third Reich
Despite the determination of Anglo-American imperialism to pick up where Hitler left off, the mood of resistance continued well into the 1950s as the Soviet Union remained a symbol of working-class power.. For those who had lost faith after the defeat of the Spanish Republic or with the signing of the 1939 Nazi-Soviet Pact, the victory at Stalingrad brought a sense of renewal
How Russia Won the Battle of Stalingrad [5]
Sixth Army will hold their positions to the last man and the last round.. In the spring of 1942, the German offensive against the Soviet Union was nearly a year old
Army Group A pushed towards the oil-rich area of Baku, and Army Group B advanced towards Stalingrad and the Volga. It was an important industrial centre, communications hub, and sat astride the Volga River
The Red Army, demoralised and disheartened by a year of bitter and costly defeats, began to employ a new strategy: the fighting retreat. Instead of defending their positions at all costs – a strategy which had led to heavy losses during the first year of the war – Soviet units were now ordered to withdraw in the face of strong German attacks
Battle of Stalingrad [6]
The centre of Stalingrad after the battle, with the Barmaley Fountain in the foreground.. The Battle of Stalingrad[19] (23 August 1942 – 2 February 1943)[20][21][22] was a major battle on the Eastern Front of World War II where Nazi Germany and its allies unsuccessfully fought the Soviet Union for control of the city of Stalingrad (later renamed Volgograd) in Southern Russia
Stalingrad was strategically important to both sides as a major industrial and transport hub on the Volga River. Whoever controlled Stalingrad would have access to the oil fields of the Caucasus and would gain control of the Volga.[31] Germany, already operating on dwindling fuel supplies, focused its efforts on moving deeper into Soviet territory and taking the oil fields at any cost
The attack was supported by intense Luftwaffe bombing that reduced much of the city to rubble. The battle degenerated into house-to-house fighting as both sides poured reinforcements into the city
Battle of Stalingrad | History, Summary, Location, Deaths, & Facts [7]
Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.. – Military History Encyclopedia on the Web – The Caucasus Campaign and the Battle for Stalingrad June 1942 – February 1943
– HistoryNet – Battle of Stalingrad: Operation Winter Tempest. – The National WWII Museum – Unsung Witnesses of the Battle of Stalingrad
– Ohio State University – Origins – Stalingrad at 75, the Turning Point of World War II in Europe. What is the significance of the Battle of Stalingrad?
The battle of Stalingrad: A decisive turning point in WW2 – DW – 02 [8]
The battle of Stalingrad: A decisive turning point in WW2. During World War II, Nazi Germany’s Wehrmacht intended to conquer the industrial city of Stalingrad — named after then-Soviet leader Joseph Stalin — before advancing onward to capture its intended goal: the Caucasus oil fields
Due to the very long supply routes, the German Sixth Army’s offensive on Stalingrad was risky from the outset. Led by General Friedrich Paulus, the Wehrmacht attack began in mid-August 1942, roughly one year after Nazi Germany first invaded the Soviet Union.
Despite fierce resistance, the Wehrmacht did succeed in conquering most of Stalingrad by mid-November 1942. By this time, however, Soviet forces had launched a two-pronged attack to encircle the German troops.
German Defeat at Stalingrad [9]
After months of fierce fighting and heavy casualties, German forces (numbering now only about 91,000 surviving soldiers) surrender at Stalingrad on the Volga.. Soviet forces launched a counteroffensive against the Germans arrayed at Stalingrad in mid-November 1942
In February 1943, after months of fierce fighting and heavy casualties, the surviving German forces—only about 91,000 soldiers—surrendered. After the victory at Stalingrad, the Soviet army remained on the offensive, liberating most of the Ukraine, and virtually all of Russia and eastern Belorussia during 1943
Germany proved unable to defeat the Soviet Union, which together with Great Britain and the United States, seized the initiative from Germany. Germany became embroiled in a long war, leading ultimately to its defeat in May 1945.
Stalingrad: 80 years ago, a victory that changed World War II [10]
The Battle of Stalingrad, which turned the tide of World War II 80 years ago when German forces capitulated to the Red Army, remains a powerful symbol of patriotism in Russia as it presses its war in Ukraine.. One of the largest battles in history, the fighting raged for more than six months in 1942 and 1943 before the Russians defeated Nazi soldiers trapped in the ruined city in the depths of winter.
The first-ever surrender by the Nazis was glorified in Russia as the event that rescued Europe from Adolf Hitler and the city was hailed as a “Hero City.”. Located some 900 kilometres (559 miles) southeast of Moscow, pre-war Stalingrad was a crucible of Soviet industry with factories in the city of 600,000 people churning out military hardware.
For Hitler, who had in June 1941 pulled out of a German-Soviet non-aggression pact, its name alone made it a tantalising target and worthy of an epic fight. Stalin, in turn, was determined to hold on to it at any cost.
The Battle of Stalingrad: Germany humiliated [11]
On 31 January 1943, German Field Marshal Friedrich Paulus and his Sixth Army surrendered to the Red Army (the army of the Soviet Union). After five months of fighting, Germany was defeated.
The conquest would not only serve a strategic goal, it would be of great symbolic value, since the city bore the name of Soviet leader Joseph Stalin.. The shellings and and bombardments damaged Stalingrad badly, but in order to conquer the city, the German soldiers had to fight the soldiers of Red Army in the streets
When the harsh Russian winter began, the situation grew even worse.. The ice was now thick enough for tanks to cross the rivers
The Battle of Stalingrad – How the Soviet Union defeated the Nazis [12]
Today markers the 79th anniversary of the end of the Battle of Stalingrad, with the surrender of German troops, a key turning point in the Second World War, where about 800,000 German and Axis troops were either killed or captured, including the entire German Sixth Army and its commander-in-chief – a shattering blow to Hitler.. The Battle of Stalingrad was where that the might of the Wehrmacht was finally halted after a bloody slogging match for control of the city of Stalingrad (now called Volgograd) in the south west of the Soviet Union
The battle began on 23 August 1942 and only ended on 2 February 1943. All this time the Germans and their allies were locked in a savage hand-to-hand struggle fought in ruined streets and shattered buildings that were reduced to rubble.
The staggering losses inflicted on the German army decisively affected the outcome of the whole war. After the Battle of Stalingrad, German forces never recovered their strength and fighting morale, while the triumphant Red Army began the greatest military advance in history.
Stalingrad: The Hinge of History—How Hitler’s hubris led to the defeat of the Sixth Army [13]
On 2 February 1943, the surrender of Field Marshall Friedrich Paulus to the Russians at Stalingrad was the turning point of World War II. After that, the Germans never advanced further east and, after the Battle of Kursk, were driven all the way back to Berlin.
Turned back at Moscow, Hitler decided to send a large force south to the Caucasus oilfields – —Case Blue – —with the Sixth Army commanded by Paulus.. Then followed the most terrible battle in the history of war
The fighting was terrible and the casualties horrendous. Although the Germans took 90% of the city, they were caught unaware by Operation Uranus, which trapped their forces in a kessel (cauldron).
Stalingrad: Experimentation, Adaptation, Implementation [14]
Eighty years ago, the Red Army managed to stop, contain, and ultimately defeat the largest German army on the Eastern Front. Yet we are still asking ourselves: how did they manage to do it? This question is especially pertinent since the first year of the war generally proved disastrous for the Soviets
Entrenched in Western literature was a heavily German-influenced view which dictated that the initial German approach toward the city encountered limited opposition until fighting for the city proper began among the ruins of Stalingrad. It was only then that the Red Army was able to begin bleeding the 6th Army dry as a fanatical but faceless enemy utilized every bombed-out building, hole, and sewer to make life hell for the average German soldier
At that point, those trapped in the city might have been able to escape had Adolf Hitler and 6th Army commander, Friedrich Paulus, acted in their best interest and not betrayed them.. In the Soviet Union, the history of the battle for Stalingrad was surrounded by its own coterie of myths
80 years ago, the Soviets began defending Stalingrad against Germany [15]
80 years ago, the Soviets began defending Stalingrad against Germany. The Battle of Stalingrad, with its five months of fierce fighting, began exactly 80 years ago, on Aug
German dictator Adolf Hitler had set his sights on Stalingrad in part because it was named after his rival, Soviet leader Josef Stalin. Hitler had publicly announced that he would take the Soviet city and assumed he would do so with ease.
Hitler’s hubris was matched by that of Stalin, who was determined to defend the city, today called Volgograd, at all costs.. Soviet forces had retreated in earlier battles, and as a result, Stalin issued Order No
Urban Warfare Project Case Study #1: Battle of Stalingrad [16]
The Battle of Stalingrad (modern-day Volgograd) occurred from August 23, 1942 to February 2, 1943 during World War II (1939–1945). The city is in the southwestern region of what was then the Soviet Union
The Volga flows southwesterly into the city, passing through it before turning directly east and then curving gently to the southeast toward the Caspian Sea.. The battle was fought by the Axis powers of Army Group B—principally the German 6th Army commanded by Field Marshal Friedrich Paulus within the city—and the Soviet Union’s Stalingrad Front and its subordinate 62nd Army (commanded by General Vasily Chuikov) and 64th Army (commanded by General Mikhail Shumilov)
The battle nearly guaranteed that Germany had begun the path to defeat on the Eastern Front.. The German Army Group South’s original strategic intent was to advance to and seize the Caucasus oil fields but German leader Adolf Hitler’s additional strategic desire to capture the city named after his rival, the Soviet Union’s Joseph Stalin, was too tempting to refuse
The Battle of Stalingrad [17]
The Battle of Stalingrad took place between July 17, 1942 and February 2, 1943, during the Second World War.. On June 22, 1941, Nazi Germany launched Operation Barbarossa (Unternehmen Barbarossa)
In December, having suffered multiple defeats during the summer and autumn, Soviet forces counter-attacked during the Battle of Moscow and successfully drove the German Army (Wehrmacht Heer) from the environs of Moscow.. By spring 1942, the Germans had stabilized their front in a line running roughly from Leningrad in the north to Rostov in the south
In the far south the Germans were in control of most of the Ukraine and much of the Crimean, although Sevastapol remained in Soviet hands along with a small portion of the Kerch peninsula.. The Germans were confident they could master the Red Army when winter weather no longer impeded their mobility
Battle of Stalingrad [18]
(I dedicate this post to Mark Jones, an outstanding communist, human being and friend.). Most people who became radicalized during the 1960s have no trouble understanding the importance of General Giap’s victory over the French at Dienbienphu or the defeat of the ‘gusanos’ at the Bay of Pigs
For a previous generation, the Battle of Stalingrad, which began in the summer of 1942 and ended in January 1943, had a similar importance. In this most costly of military engagements, the Nazi army suffered not only its first major defeat, but one that essentially paved the way for the collapse of the Third Reich
Despite the determination of Anglo-American imperialism to pick up where Hitler left off, the mood of resistance continued well into the 1950s as the Soviet Union remained a symbol of working-class power.. For those who had lost faith after the defeat of the Spanish Republic or with the signing of the 1939 Nazi-Soviet Pact, the victory at Stalingrad brought a sense of renewal
Battle of Stalingrad [19]
The Battle of Stalingrad (23 August 1942 – 2 February 1943) is one of the turning points of World War 2 in which German troops of the 6th Army and its allies fought the Soviet Union for control of the city of Stalingrad (now Volgograd) in the southwestern Soviet Union. Marked by constant close quarters combat and disregard for military and civilian casualties, it is among the bloodiest battles in the history of warfare
The Battle of Stalingrad (present-day Volgograd) became the symbol of the resurrection of the Red Army and dealt a heavy blow to German morale; it dawned on broad sections of the German population that the war might end badly for Germany; the Nazi regime from now on abandoned ‘cannons instead of butter’ propaganda and, after the battle, called on the people to all-out war.. In 1941, Germany had attempted to inflict rapid and total defeat on the Soviet Union through Operation Barbarossa
In winter, a counter-offensive threw the Germans a few hundred kilometers back from Moscow. In December Hitler declared war on the United States of America
Sources
- https://www.iwm.org.uk/history/what-you-need-to-know-about-the-battle-of-stalingrad#:~:text=Stalingrad%20was%20one%20of%20the,the%20Soviet%20dictator%2C%20Josef%20Stalin.
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Stalingrad#:~:text=During%20the%20defence%20of%20Stalingrad,and%201st%20Guards%20Army%2C%205th
- https://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-Stalingrad#:~:text=Top%20Questions-,Who%20won%20the%20Battle%20of%20Stalingrad%3F,Russia)%20during%20World%20War%20II.
- http://www.columbia.edu/~lnp3/mydocs/fascism_and_war/Stalingrad.htm#:~:text=At%20one%20key%20battle%20for,a%20span%20of%20six%20months.
- https://www.history.co.uk/history-of-ww2/how-russia-won-the-battle-of-stalingrad#:~:text=In%2019%20November%201942%2C%20the,food%2C%20ammunition%20and%20medical%20supplies.
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Stalingrad
- https://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-Stalingrad
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- https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/timeline-event/holocaust/1942-1945/german-defeat-at-stalingrad
- https://www.deccanherald.com/world/stalingrad-80-years-ago-a-victory-that-changed-world-war-ii-1187147.html
- https://www.annefrank.org/en/timeline/127/the-battle-of-stalingrad-germany-humiliated/
- https://marxiststudent.com/the-battle-of-stalingrad-how-the-soviet-union-defeated-the-nazis/
- https://jmvh.org/article/stalingrad-the-hinge-of-history-how-hitlers-hubris-led-to-the-defeat-of-the-sixth-army/
- https://www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/stalingrad-experimentation-adaptation-implementation
- https://www.npr.org/2022/08/23/1119139781/stalingrad-germans-soviets-hitler-stalin-wwii-world-war-ii
- https://mwi.westpoint.edu/urban-warfare-project-case-study-1-battle-of-stalingrad/
- https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/the-battle-of-stalingrad
- http://www.columbia.edu/~lnp3/mydocs/fascism_and_war/Stalingrad.htm
- https://www.normandy1944.info/home/battles/battle-of-stalingrad
