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Köppen climate classification – World Distribution, Major Types, Climate Zones [1]
The following discussion of the climates of the world is based on groupings of Köppen’s climatic types. It should be noted that the highland climate (H) is also included here.
Their location within a region in which available net solar radiation is large and relatively constant from month to month ensures both high temperatures (generally in excess of 18 °C [64 °F]) and a virtual absence of thermal seasons. Typically, the temperature difference between day and night is greater than that between the warmest and the coolest month, the opposite of the situation in mid-latitudes
Type A climates are controlled mainly by the seasonal fluctuations of the trade winds, the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), and the Asian monsoon. Arid and semiarid climates cover about a quarter of Earth’s land surface, mostly between 50° N and 50° S, but they are mainly found in the 15–30° latitude belt in both hemispheres
All About Climate [2]
Climate is the long-term pattern of weather in a particular area.. Earth Science, Meteorology, Geography, Physical Geography
Weather can change from hour-to-hour, day-to-day, month-to-month or even year-to-year. A region’s weather patterns, usually tracked for at least 30 years, are considered its climate.
Some parts of the world are hot and rainy nearly every day. Between the icy poles and the steamy tropics are many other climates that contribute to Earth’s biodiversity and geologic heritage.
Appendix 2: Köppen Climate Classification System – Physical Geography Lab Manual: The Atmosphere and Biosphere [3]
can be defined as the long-term trends observed in the state of the (, , , etc.) on a time scale of years to decades. Understanding these trends allows us to make predictions about what the weather may be like in the immediate future
The classification of data is a common process in all sciences. From classification, we can determine similarities and dissimilarities in the data
For the climate of locations found on the Earth, we will discover that locations with comparable climates are often influenced by similar climatic factors despite being geographically separated by great distances.. The is an empirical system that uses readily available precipitation and temperature data collected at weather stations
Continental climate [4]
This article needs additional citations for verification. Continental climates often have a significant annual variation in temperature (warm summers and cold winters)
Continental climates occur mostly in the Northern Hemisphere due to the large landmasses found there. Most of northern and northeastern China, eastern and southeastern Europe, much of Russia south of the arctic circle, central and southeastern Canada, and the central and northeastern United States have this type of climate.[1] Continentality is a measure of the degree to which a region experiences this type of climate.[1]
Only a few areas—in the mountains of the Pacific Northwest of North America and in Iran, northern Iraq, adjacent Turkey, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Central Asia—show a winter maximum in precipitation. A portion of the annual precipitation falls as snowfall, and snow often remains on the ground for more than a month
Mediterranean climate | Definition, Region, Map, & Facts [5]
Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.. – Academia – The Mediterranean climate: An overview of the main characteristics and issues
– Tel Aviv University – The Mediterranean Climate: An Overview of the Main Characteristics and Issues. – Mediterranean Garden Society – What is a mediterranean climate?
In the Köppen-Geiger-Pohl system, it is divided into the Csa and Csb subtypes.. Poleward extension and expansion of the subtropical anticyclone over the oceans bring subsiding air to the region in summer, with clear skies and high temperatures
Appendix 2: Köppen Climate Classification System – Physical Geography Lab Manual: The Atmosphere and Biosphere [6]
can be defined as the long-term trends observed in the state of the (, , , etc.) on a time scale of years to decades. Understanding these trends allows us to make predictions about what the weather may be like in the immediate future
The classification of data is a common process in all sciences. From classification, we can determine similarities and dissimilarities in the data
For the climate of locations found on the Earth, we will discover that locations with comparable climates are often influenced by similar climatic factors despite being geographically separated by great distances.. The is an empirical system that uses readily available precipitation and temperature data collected at weather stations
World Climate: Types and its Characteristics [7]
What do you mean by climate? What are the different types of world climates? In this article, you can read about world climate and its classifications.. Climate is the long-term accumulation of the atmospheric components (and their changes) that, in the short term, consist of weather at a specified place.
World climates are classified as hot-wet equatorial climates, savanna climates, tropical monsoon climates, desert climates, steppe climates, Mediterranean climates, Warm Temperate Eastern Margin Climates, British type climates, taiga climates, Laurentian climates, and polar climates.. – The absence of trade winds will result in a monsoon-like climate if you move away from this.
– Examples are Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Peru, Nigeria, Liberia, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Malaysia, Java. – There is great uniformity of temperature throughout the year.
7(v) Climate Classification and Climatic Regions of the World [8]
The Köppen Climate Classification System is the most widely used system for classifying the world’s climates. Its categories are based on the annual and monthly averages of temperature and precipitation
A – Tropical Moist Climates: all months have average temperatures above 18° Celsius.. B – Dry Climates: with deficient precipitation during most of the year.
Tropical moist climates extend northward and southward from the equator to about 15 to 25° of latitude. In these climates all months have average temperatures greater than 18° Celsius
Climate of Europe [9]
Europe is generally characterized by a temperate climate. Most of Western Europe has an Oceanic climate, in the Köppen climate classification, featuring cool to warm summers and cool winters with frequent overcast skies
Central-eastern Europe is classified as having a humid continental climate, which features warm to hot summers and cold winters.. Parts of the central European plains have a hybrid oceanic/continental climate
The coastal lowlands of the Mediterranean Basin have more of a wet winter and dry summer season pattern, the winter season extends from October to February while the summer season is mainly noticeable in the dry months where precipitation can, in some years, become extremely scarce. A very small area in the continent features the desert climate, which exists in the south-eastern coasts of Spain making them the only places in Europe that have an arid climate.[2]
Climate of India [10]
The climate of India consists of a wide range of weather conditions across a vast geographic scale and varied topography. Based on the Köppen system, India hosts six major climatic sub types, ranging from arid deserts in the west, alpine tundra and glaciers in the north, and humid tropical regions supporting rain forests in the southwest and the island territories
The country’s meteorological department follows the international standard of four seasons with some local adjustments: winter (December to February), summer (March to May), monsoon or rainy season (June to September), and a post-monsoon period (October and November).. India’s geography and geology are climatically pivotal: the Thar Desert in the northwest and the Himalayas in the north work in tandem to create a culturally and economically important monsoonal regime
Most of North India is thus kept warm or is only mildly chilly or cold during winter; the same thermal dam keeps most regions in India hot in summer. Climate in South India is generally warmer, and more humid due to its coastlines.
All About Climate [11]
Climate is the long-term pattern of weather in a particular area.. Earth Science, Meteorology, Geography, Physical Geography
Weather can change from hour-to-hour, day-to-day, month-to-month or even year-to-year. A region’s weather patterns, usually tracked for at least 30 years, are considered its climate.
Some parts of the world are hot and rainy nearly every day. Between the icy poles and the steamy tropics are many other climates that contribute to Earth’s biodiversity and geologic heritage.
Halong Bay Weather: Which is the best time to visit? [12]
Halong Bay Weather: Which Is The Best Time To Visit?. Located in Northern Vietnam, Halong Bay weather is characterized by a typical humid and tropical monsoon climate, consisting of four distinctive seasons throughout the year: Spring, Summer, Autumn, and Winter
Halong Bay, located in the Gulf of Tonkin (the Northeast of Vietnam), covers an area of 43,400 ha and includes over 1600 islands and islets of various sizes and shapes. The outstanding highlight of this property is centered around the drowned limestone karst landforms, displaying majestic pillars with various arches and caves which form magnificent natural scenery
This is also Vietnam’s world-famous destination that attracts millions of international visitors every year.. The weather in Halong Bay embraces typical characteristics of Northern Vietnam weather with four seasons
Northwest Territories Nominee Program [13]
The NWT experiences a large range of temperatures between summer and winter. Most regions have a sub-arctic climate which means short, warm summers followed by quickly dropping temperatures in the fall.
With such a range of temperatures and weather throughout the year, it is important to know the season and what type of clothing you will need, especially in winter.. Winter may not officially begin until late December, but in most of the NWT, the snow season begins in late October and extends to late April
There’s a saying in the NWT; “there’s no such thing as bad weather, just bad clothing choices”. That’s why it’s important to make sure you have the right clothing for winter including a hat, mittens or gloves, a scarf, snow pants, winter boots and a warm coat.
Uncertain role of clouds in shaping summertime atmosphere-sea ice connections in reanalyses and CMIP6 models [14]
Downwelling longwave radiation (DLR) driven by the atmospheric and cloud conditions in the troposphere is suggested to be a dominant factor to determine the summertime net surface energy budget over the Arctic Ocean and thus plays a key role to shape the September sea ice. We use reanalyses and the self-organizing map (SOM) method to distinguish CMIP6 model performance in replicating the observed strong atmosphere-DLR connection
In ERA5 and strongly coupled models, tropospheric high pressure is associated with decreased clouds in the mid- and high-levels and increased clouds near the surface. This out-of-phase structure indicates that DLR cloud forcing is nearly neutral, making the clear sky DLR more important to bridge JJA circulation to late-summer sea ice
The differences of cloud vertical distribution in CMIP6 appear to be differentiated by circulation related relative humidity. Therefore, a better understanding of the discrepancy of different reanalyses and remote sensing products is critical to comprehensively evaluate simulated interactions among circulation, clouds, sea ice and energy budget at the surface in summer.
Iceland Weather, Climate, & Temperature Year-Round [15]
– Information About Iceland Spring Weather by Month (And More). – Summer Weather in Iceland – The Most Popular Season
– Information About Iceland Fall Weather by Month (And More). – Information About Iceland Winter Weather by Month (And More)
As an island of extremes, the weather is no exception. Find out the average temperature by month, the weather during each season, how the weather differs in different areas, how it affects your ability to see the northern lights, and other useful info for planning your trip.
Full Weather Glossary [16]
Heavy monsoon rainfall may cause flash flooding through the weekend in the Desert Southwest and then late weekend into next week over the Great Basin and Northern Rockies. Record heat builds once again across the Plains into the Upper Mississippi Valley and into the Mid-Atlantic this holiday weekend and into early next week
ACID RAIN – Cloud or rain droplets containing pollutants, such as oxides of sulfur and nitrogen, to make them acidic.. ADIABATIC – changes in temperature caused by the expansion (cooling) or compression (warming) of a body of air as it rises or descends in the atmosphere.
Commonly used with temperatures, i.e., “warm air advection”, or moisture, i.e., “moisture advection”.. ADVISORY- Issued for weather situations that cause significant inconveniences but do not meet warning criteria and, if caution is not exercised, could lead to life-threatening situations
Chapter 5 Weather and climate for print only – Introduction to World Geography – for print [17]
When it comes to defining climate, it is often said that “climate is what you expect; weather is what you get.” That is to say; climate is the statistically-averaged behavior of the weather. In reality, it is a bit more complicated than that, as climate involves not just the atmosphere, but the behavior of the entire climate system—the complex system defined by the coupling of the atmosphere, oceans, ice sheets, and biosphere
Having defined climate, we can begin to define what climate change means. While the notion of climate is based on some statistical average of the behavior of the atmosphere, oceans, etc., this average behavior can change over time
For example, during El Niño years, we expect it to be wetter in the winter in California and snowier in the southeastern U.S., and we expect fewer tropical storms to form in the Atlantic during the hurricane season. If climate is always changing, then is climate change by definition always occurring? Yes and No
Death Valley National Park (U.S. National Park Service) [18]
Death Valley is famous as the hottest place on earth and driest place in North America. The world record highest air temperature of 134°F (57°C) was recorded at Furnace Creek on July 10, 1913
Occasional thunderstorms, especially in late summer, can cause flash floods.. In contrast to the extremes of summertime, winter and spring are very pleasant
Temperatures drop 3 to 5°F (2 to 3°C) with every thousand vertical feet gained(approx. Sunny skies are the norm in Death Valley, but winter storms and summer monsoons can bring cloud cover and rain
ATOC5600 Clouds and Aerosols Final [19]
|Clouds in the Arctic:||A Tale of Diamond Dust and Summertime Stratus.|. |Cloud cover is a very important factor that influences the global radiation budget
Here, I will discuss research and theories on the most important cloud-cover type in the Arctic, summertime stratus, as well as a unique phenomenon known as “diamond dust”.|. mid-September, the ocean area covered by sea ice is 80 to 90 percent
albedo, 60-75%, for arctic stratus (Herman and Curry, 1984).. This attenuation of the downward shortwave flux is partially modified
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- https://www.britannica.com/science/Koppen-climate-classification/World-distribution-of-major-climatic-types#:~:text=%2C%20Dwc%2C%20Dwd)-,Type%20E%20and%20H%20climates,surprisingly%20great%20diversity%20of%20subtypes.
- https://www.nationalgeographic.org/article/all-about-climate/#:~:text=one%20of%20five%20classifications%20of,mild%2C%20continental%2C%20and%20polar.
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- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_climate#:~:text=Continental%20climates%20often%20have%20a,are%20not%20moderated%20by%20oceans.
- https://www.britannica.com/science/Mediterranean-climate
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- https://ambassadorcruise.com/halong-bay-weather-which-is-the-best-time-to-visit/
- https://www.immigratenwt.ca/en/climate
- https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00382-023-06785-9
- https://guidetoiceland.is/travel-info/climate-weather-and-northern-lights-in-iceland
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