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Electron Configuration – Basic introduction
Electron Configuration – Basic introduction
Electron Configuration – Basic introduction
Electron Configuration – Introductory Chemistry [1]
General Rules for Assigning Electrons to Atomic Orbitals. An atom’s electrons exist in discrete atomic orbitals, and the atom’s electron configuration can be determined using a set of guidelines.
– If the energy of an atom is increased, an electron in the atom gets excited. To go back to its ground state, the electron releases energy
– Viewed simply, electrons are arranged in shells around an atom’s nucleus. Electrons closest to the nucleus will have the lowest energy
How can atoms achieve a stable electron configurations? [2]
How can atoms achieve a stable electron configurations?. Atoms are stable when they have eight valence electrons (two in the case of hydrogen)
Therefore, atoms that don’t have an octet share their valence electrons with other atoms so that they each will have an octet (or duet in the case of hydrogen). This sharing of valence electrons is called covalent bonding, and takes place primarily between nonmetals
You can see in the diagram of a water molecule below, that each hydrogen atom had one electron, identified as an x, and the oxygen atom had 6 valence electrons identified as colored circles. (The inner two electrons in the oxygen atom are not valence electrons.) Each hydrogen atom has shared its valence electron with an individual oxygen atom from its valence shell, forming a covalent bond
Atoms achieve stable configuration by [3]
Right on! Give the BNAT exam to get a 100% scholarship for BYJUS courses. Atoms react to attain stable configuration for stability
Statement 1: Hydrogen atom just needs one extra electron to achieve its duplet configuration.. Statement 2: Hydrogen atom has the tendency to acquire duplet configuration so that it can become stable.
Most of the atoms tend to lose, gain or share electrons to achieve the nearest noble gas electronic configuration.. Atoms either donate or accept electrons in their outer shells to attain the stable electronic configuration of :
How can atoms achieve stable electron configurations? [4]
How can atoms achieve stable electron configurations?. Hint: We should know about the valence electrons, octet rule, and covalent bond, electronic configuration, etc
The atoms combine to form molecules and then compounds. For the formation of the molecule, the atoms share their valence electrons and form bonds.
Neutral atoms have a fixed electronic configuration in which the outermost orbitals can be partial-filled, fully-filled, or can have one, or any number of electrons. – The fully-filled electronic configurations are more stable
Covalent bonding [5]
|Subject classification: this is a chemistry resource.|. A covalent bond is a form of chemical bonding which is characterized by the sharing of electrons between atoms
Elements forming covalent compounds achieve noble gas configuration by sharing electrons within the atoms, unlike ionic compounds which achieve the noble gas configuration either by gaining or losing electrons from the outermost electron shell. In covalent bonds, when two atoms are in need of extra electrons to fill their outer valence electron shell, they will often share an electron
The oxygen in water forms a covalent bond with the hydrogen, thus filling the hydrogen’s outer shell with two electrons (this is because the outer shell of hydrogen has a maximum capacity of two electrons). While an oxygen atom, originally having six outer electrons, now has seven valence electrons, it requires another in order to fill the shell, and so it bonds with another hydrogen to form H2O
What are the causes of Chemical Bonding? [6]
Noble gases are chemically inert, and their electron arrangements are extremely stable, preventing the outermost electrons from participating in chemical reactions. In the outermost shell of an atom of a noble gas, there are eight electrons
Since everything in the world strives to be more stable. Stability for atoms requires possessing the electron configuration of noble gases
The formation of positive and negative ions, as well as other reasons for chemical bonding, are covered further below.. The atoms join to form the noble gas electron configuration, which makes the atoms more stable
Electron configuration [7]
In atomic physics and quantum chemistry, the electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule (or other physical structure) in atomic or molecular orbitals.[1] For example, the electron configuration of the neon atom is 1s2 2s2 2p6, meaning that the 1s, 2s and 2p subshells are occupied by 2, 2 and 6 electrons respectively.. Electronic configurations describe each electron as moving independently in an orbital, in an average field created by all other orbitals
According to the laws of quantum mechanics, for systems with only one electron, a level of energy is associated with each electron configuration and in certain conditions, electrons are able to move from one configuration to another by the emission or absorption of a quantum of energy, in the form of a photon.[citation needed]. Knowledge of the electron configuration of different atoms is useful in understanding the structure of the periodic table of elements
In bulk materials, this same idea helps explain the peculiar properties of lasers and semiconductors.. Electron configuration was first conceived under the Bohr model of the atom, and it is still common to speak of shells and subshells despite the advances in understanding of the quantum-mechanical nature of electrons.
Biology for Majors I [8]
– Describe the behavior and location of electrons, and how these factors influence bond formation between atoms. It should be stressed that there is a connection between the number of protons in an element, the atomic number that distinguishes one element from another, and the number of electrons it has
Thus, each element, at least when electrically neutral, has a characteristic number of electrons equal to its atomic number.. An early model of the atom was developed in 1913 by Danish scientist Niels Bohr (1885–1962)
An electron normally exists in the lowest energy shell available, which is the one closest to the nucleus. Energy from a photon of light can bump it up to a higher energy shell, but this situation is unstable, and the electron quickly decays back to the ground state
Examples of Elements Without a Stable Electron Configuration [9]
An atom consists of a nucleus containing positively charged particles surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons. Electrons within atoms sit in a series of “shells” around the nucleus, and each shell can contain a fixed number of electrons
Elements with stable electron configurations only occurs within a single column (group 8) of the periodic table. Therefore the vast majority of the elements in the periodic table have unstable electron configurations.
The single electron is located in the 1s shell, which can possess two electrons. The hydrogen electronic configuration is therefore not stable
Sources
- https://uen.pressbooks.pub/introductorychemistry/chapter/electron-configuration/#:~:text=Electron%20configurations%20can%20also%20predict,that%20have%20full%20energy%20levels.
- https://socratic.org/questions/how-can-atoms-achieve-a-stable-electron-configurations#:~:text=Atoms%20are%20stable%20when%20they,which%20is%20called%20a%20duet).
- https://byjus.com/question-answer/atoms-achieve-stable-configuration-by-creating-required-electrons-pairing-electrons-with-protons-losing-or-gaining/
- https://www.vedantu.com/question-answer/atoms-achieve-stable-electron-configuratio-class-12-chemistry-cbse-5ff52eadfe0724513faf57e6
- https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Covalent_bonding
- https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/what-are-the-causes-of-chemical-bonding/
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_configuration
- https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wm-biology1/chapter/reading-electrons/
- https://sciencing.com/examples-elements-stable-electron-configuration-36091.html
